Showing posts with label with. Show all posts
Showing posts with label with. Show all posts

Friday, April 29, 2016

Working with New HTML Template Editor of Blogger!


New HTML Template Editor for Blogger


If youre using a blogger blog, then you should notice some major changes in its HTML editor. Google made those changes couple of months ago. You will see the code is colored, folded and very much structured. You will also notice some new buttons which were not available earlier. What are the uses and benefits of these buttons? Read more to know . . .


Only a few days ago, I published a post on Blogger vs. WordPress. In that post I said - WordPress is matured, but there is a continuous improvement on Blogger. And the new HTML template editor of blogger is a part of that improvement! Today I will discuss about how to work with the new html editor. 


I was very much angry after such a change in the template editor. Because several times I was puzzled by the new options and interface. But as soon as I got familiar with the new editor, I really like it. If youre familiar with all the new options I think you will also like it. 


Okay lets start. Sign in to your blogger. Go to the design or dashboard. Then hit on the Template tab from the left pane. Now click on Edit HTML button. Your template will be appeared as the image below:   

Tips: Backup the current template to avoid any mishap!


Image of New HTML Template Editor of Blogger


Now closely look at the above image. This is the new look of the HTML Template Editor. I am gonna talk about each part of the new editor: 

  • Line Number: Each line of the template are numbered. When editing the template, if you made any error then error message will be shown as - error on ### line. Thus you will know exactly where you made mistake. 
  • Folded Code: You may face problem due to the folded code. In the above image, look at the line number 1078. After 1078 there is line number 2033! More than thousand lines are hidden. Clicking on the folder marker  ? you can show those hidden lines. 
  • Jump to Widget: This button is really helpful for navigating through the template. If you click on the down arrow, you will see the parts of your template. You can go to any part by a single click. For example- Blog 1, HTML 1, HTML 2 etc. 
  • Format Template: Dont be confused. It will not delete your template! When you format your flash drive then all data are erased. But here format means formatting the template. If you hit on the Format button, the indentation of your template will be corrected automatically. 
  • Revert Changes: If you hit on this button, the unsaved changes will be removed automatically. Suppose you made some random changes in your template. But before saving it, you cant remember whether everything is correct or not, in that case you can hit this button to cancel the changes you made. 
  • Search Box: As more than thousand lines of your template are folded, you cant find your desired part of the code by using the browsers search box. Thats the new editor gives you a new search box. To activate the search box you have to click on any part of the editor. Then Press Ctrl + F to enable search. Press Shift + Ctrl + F to find and replace. Press Shift + Ctrl + R to replace all. 

Old options are also available along with these new buttons. You can preview your template by hitting on Preview Template button before saving it. Or if you would like to back to the default settings of the widget then click on the Revert Widget Templates to Default button. 


Keep visiting Marks PC Solution for more Blogging Tips! 



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HOW TO TEACH LINEAR PERSPECTIVE WITH MS WORD

MICROSOFT WORD DRAWING PROJECT No. 13


TITLE :  HOW TO TEACH LINEAR PERSPECTIVE WITH MS WORD

TYPE  :   ILLUSTRATION

VISUAL ART LESSON TOPIC :   ELEMENT OF ART : SPACE

© Chang Hon Woon 2011


Space is one of the Elements of Art. The System of Perspective is one of the subtopics in the Space element which consists of Linear Perspective and Aerial Perspective. The point where the perspective lines meet is called the Vanishing Point.  A drawing can be made from one vanishing point, two vanishing points, and three vanishing points. There are a few rules in Linear Perspective but I’ll mention two which I consider the most important. I will use the simplest words to explain them. These rules are as follows:


  1. Receding parallel lines seem to converge and meet at a point known as the vanishing point on the horizon line, e.g. the railway tracks.
  2. Distance influences the size and height of objects. The objects in front are much bigger and longer than the objects further behind, e.g. the lamp posts along the road side.

What makes the system of perspective so important in visual art is that it helps to create the illusion of three-dimensional depth or space on a two-dimensional surface such as the drawing paper or the electronic canvas in Photoshop. By the way, you can also copy this drawing into PowerPoint to create a slide show presentation.



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    Foods Not Macros Isoenergetic Breakfast With Identical Macronutrient Content More Satieting With Eggs vs Flakes Plus Omega 3 Microbiome Obesity Interactions

    Eggs or Flakes? Not 30% vs. 25% protein! A brief reminder of the fact that the stuff you eat is still food.
    I am not quite sure when or why this happened, but I know that more and more people are thinking in terms of "macros" instead of foods. What I do know, though, is that the recent publication of studies from the Pennington Biomedical Research Center at the Louisiana State University System (Bayham. 2014) and an ostensibly unrelated study that was conducted by researchers from the Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Biosciences Institute in Cork and scientists working at the local university and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (Patterson. 2014) confirms - once again (!) - how futile this ignorant approach to nutrition actually is.

    Eggs vs. cereals - not the best example, but...

    In that, I am well aware that the "battle" between an egg- and a cereal-based breakfast in the Patterson study is not exactly a good model of whats currently going on in the health and fitness community. With cereals being labeled as "the devil" (its always nice to be "anti", isnt it?), no one would after all consider having ...
    • One-and-a-half cup of Special K® RTE cereal, 200 ml Silk® original soymilk, one slice of Natural Grain “Wheat n’ Fiber”® bread, 13 g of butter, and 10 g of sugar-free strawberry jam (CG)
    ... for breakfast. In view of the fact that the same can be said for the calorie- and mocronutrient matched "high quality protein" breakfast, i.e.
    • Two scrambled eggs, 120 mL skim milk, two slices of Holsum® thin white  bread, 5 g of butter, and 18 g of Smuckers® strawberry jam
    ... I still believe that the consequences of "breaking the fast" (learn why I am calling breakfast thus in "Breakfast or Breaking the Fast" | read more) with eggs vs. Special K are still relevant to the previously introduced context. And if you know that the acetylated form of ghrelin and PYY are "satiety hormones", it does not take a rocket scientists to interpret the data in Figure 1.
    Figure 1: Level(s) of "satiety hormones" after the different breakfasts (Bayham. 2014)
    What is difficult to tell, though, is whether the increased satiety after the egg breakfast would actually lead to a reduced intake at the subsequent meal.
    • On an individual basis, i.e. on just one of the two eating occasions, the higher levels of acetylated ghrelin and PYY did not suppress the 20 healthy overweight or obese subjects energy intake during the subsequent lunch
    • For day 1 and day 7, together, on the other hand, the 64kcal the egg eaters consumed less than the cereal eaters did reach statistical significance.
    If we throw overboard all the things we (believe) we know about the fallacy of calorie counting, this would translate into a ~448kcal difference for one week and a whopping difference of 23,360kcal for a year, which should shed ~3.3kg of body fat a year.
    7000kcal for 1kg of body fat? I know that this is a naive miscalculation, but it should suffice to demonstrate that the protein quality (remember the amount of protein in both breakfast conditions was identical) counts and two eggs (vs. Kellogs Special K) can make the difference between slow, but continuous weight gain on the one and weight stability (or more) on the other hand.
    Whether or not similar concrete weight loss vs. gain effects can be achieved with different types of fat is nothing study #2 in todays science mash-up here at the SuppVersity could answer. What it can tell you though, is that protein and obviously carbohydrates, where even Mr. Average Joe thinks in terms of "low GI" = good and "high GI" = bad carbs, these days, is by no means the only food component, where unspecifically counting macros is not going to cut it (or get you cut, if thats what you want to achieve).

    This is not just about fish oil

    "Of course, the bad omega-6s" ... I know that this is what youre thinking right now, but lets be honest, isnt that a bit narrow-minded?  It sure is and still, the results Ellaine Petterson and her Irish and American colleagues present in their most recent paper demonstrate quite clearly that the ingestion of fish and flax seed oil has pretty unique effects that go beyond its ability to increase the tissue concentrations of DHA to levels way beyond what youd see in low fat or high fat diets with palm, olive or safflower oil powered high fat diets.
    Increased lipid oxidation in athletes w/ low dose fish oil (Filaire. 2010)
    The health benefits of omega-3s: The often-cited evidence of the benefits of high omega-3 levels in the cells is by far not so conclusive as the laypress and supplement producers would have it. Danthi et al. have shown only recently that fish consumption, but not the omega-3 content of your cells is a reliable predictor of cognitive performance in the elderly. Associations between heart health, mortality, etc. and cellular omega-3 levels could thus be mediated by the whole food source of those omega-3s, i.e. fish consumption, and not by their mere presence in the cells, as well.
    In addition it lead to an increase in the relative abundance of bifidobacteria, a gut tenant that has been linked to all sorts of beneficial health effects, but has recently been outshadowed by various strains of lactobacilli (0.95% vs. more than 2% in all other groups), which - and this is an important information - were the lowest in the rodents who were kept on diets with 45% of the energy from fish and flaxseed oils.

    Whether or not, the negative effects of fish oil on the lactobacillacea count in the guts of the lab animals is also partly responsible for the more or less disappointing effects the fish and flax seed diet had on the body composition (Figure 2) of the wild-type C57BL/6J male mice (21 d old) in the study at hand is questionable.
    Figure 2: Body composition analysis at the end of the study (Patterson. 2014)
    Its not impossible, though. A brief glance at the insulin levels and leptin levels in Figure 3 reveals that neither of them looks anyway close to what someone whos religiously taking his fish oil caps on a daily basis would be expecting. In the end, it is thus not really that surprising that only the palm oil diet group ended up with an inferior lean-to-fat mass ratio of 1.17 (vs. 1.33 in the omega-3 group).
    Figure 3: Changes (%) in relevant metabolic markers in response to the different diets (Patterson. 2014)
    The results of the study at hand, i.e. the effects on body composition (Figure 2), as well as blood glucose and lipid metabolism (Figure 3) are thus clearly not in line with the ubiquitously placated message that "fish oil is good for you" - a message, the indoctrinated average supplement junkie will still discern from the abstract of the study:
    "[...] Ingestion of the HF-flaxseed/fish oil diet for 16 weeks led to significantly increased tissue concentrations of EPA, docosapentaenoic acid and DHA compared with ingestion of all the other diets (P< 0·05); furthermore, the diet significantly increased the intestinal population of Bifidobacterium at the genus level compared with the LF-high-maize starch diet (P< 0·05). These data indicate that both the quantity and quality of fat have an impact on host physiology with further downstream alterations to the intestinal microbiota population, with a HF diet supplemented with flaxseed/fish oil positively shaping the host microbial ecosystem." (Petterson. 2014).
    Neither the "loss" of lactobacilli, nor the - if anything - negative effects of the high omega-3 diet on the lean-to-fat-mass ratio and the amount of insulin thats floating around in the rodents blood are mentioned in said abstract.


    Fat = Diabetes - A FAT Mistake?
    If you go take a look at the actual study data, we are thus left with the question, whether the purported benefits of having high amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in our cells (see red info box a couple of paragraphs above) are real enough (or really enough - whatever you prefer) to discard the fact that the study at hand would actually suggest that olive and not fish + flaxseed oil should be your go-to source of dietary fat on a high fat diet.

    Moreover, if we abandon any paradigmatic believes, we would even have to concede that - within the current context, i.e. a rodent study and a diet with protein contents of only 19.2% (low fat) and 23% (high fat), the low fat mix of 1.25% of palm, 1.25% olive, 1.25% safflower oil, 0.625% fish and 0.625% flaxseed oil the rodents in the starch and sucrose groups received is superior to any of the high fat variants.

    You may say that this is "rodent shit" (and it is, because this is what the scientists analyzed to access the SFCA metabolism of the mice) and a mere coincidence, but wouldnt you agree that this oil mix looks a little too much like the mixture youd get on a low-to-moderate fat diet with olive oil as a staple for everything, where you add oils, palm and safflower oil from processed foods on your cheat days and fish oil / omega-3s from your once or twice a week serving of salmon... ?
    Enough of the speculations, though: What I actually wanted was to remind you of the fact that youre still eating food not proteins, carbohydrates and fats and that there are physiological performance-, health- and longevity related, as well as psychological downsides, I can only hint at in the info-box to the right, to any form of "as long as it fits my macros" ignorance.
    References: 
    • Bayham, Brooke E., et al. "A Randomized Trial to Manipulate the Quality Instead of Quantity of Dietary Proteins to Influence the Markers of Satiety." Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (2014).
    • Filaire, Edith, et al. "Effect of 6 Weeks of n-3 fatty-acid supplementation on oxidative stress in Judo athletes." International journal of sport nutrition 20.6 (2010): 496.
    • Danthiir, Vanessa, et al. "Cognitive Performance in Older Adults Is Inversely Associated with Fish Consumption but Not Erythrocyte Membrane n–3 Fatty Acids." The Journal of nutrition (2014): jn-113.
    • Patterson, E., et al. "Impact of dietary fatty acids on metabolic activity and host intestinal microbiota composition in C57BL/6J mice." The British journal of nutrition (2014): 1-13.


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    Friday, April 22, 2016

    Monetize your Blog or Website with YllixMedia!


    Monetize your blog or website using Yllix Media


    Undoubtedly AdSense is the best way to monetize a blog or website. But any time you may lose your AdSense Account. And many blogger even cant get AdSense Ads on their sites. There are many rules and regulations for AdSense sites. Read more here: 


    Guidelines before and after Getting AdSense!



    If your AdSense account is disapproved or if you cant get approved by AdSense there are many different sites from which you can get Ads and thus monetize your site. Today Im gonna share such an Ad Site with you. Look at the banner below: 




    The name of this site is Yllix Media. If youre the owner of a blog or website you can register in this site and show ads in your site. 


    Lets start. First, click on the above banner and register by your email. You will receive a confirmation mail. Confirm it. Then follow the steps below: 


    1. Add your Site: After registering, your first task is to add your site. You will see a tab named Sites. Click on it and enter your Sites Title, Home page URL and choose your category. Then hit on Add site button. I suggest you to select a category from Non-Adult category.


    2. Ad Tags: Here you will find different types of Ads. Choose Banner Ad. Select Non Adult from Rating, choose a proper format, select no from Display layer Ads. Now click on Get Ad 
    Tag. You will get an Ad Code. Place it in your site. You can use at most 3 Ads in a page. 

    Never use any other types of Ads other than Banner Ads. 


    3. Payment Method:  There are 4 types of payment system. Paypal, Payza, Liberty Reserve and Bank Wire. Choose a method that suit you. 


    Thats all. Now go to the Ad Manager to show Ad Campaign and monitor which ads are clicked by visitors. 

    Stay with Marks PC Solution to get more interesting IT topics!




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    Monday, April 11, 2016

    Power Up Your Bench With Maximal Velocity on the Bench Almost 2x Greater Strength Gains Compared to 50

    Bench press bros, listen up! You better push that weigh up fast, if you want to make maximal strength gains - O-lifting says "Hello" ;-)
    Do you train deliberately slow? If so, you may be limiting your strength gains. A recently published paper in the European Journal of Sports Science shows: "Movement velocity can be considered a fundamental component of RT intensity, since, for a given %1RM, the velocity at which loads are lifted largely determines the resulting training effect" (Gonzalez-Badillo. 2014).

    Before we take a closer look at how "large" the effect of training the training velocity actually is, I would like to invite you to take a closer look at the design of the corresponding experiment that was conducted at the Pablo de Olivade University in Seville, Spain.
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    The experiment was designed in an attempt to clarify the influence of repetition velocity on the gains in strength consequent to isoinertial resistance training. To this ends, the scientists conducted two separate studies:
    • Study I compared the effect of two distinct RT interventions on strength gains using movement velocity as the independent variable. Two groups that only differed in actual repetition velocity (and consequently in time under tension, TUT): maximal intended velocity (MaxV) vs. half-maximal velocity (HalfV) trained three times per week for 6 weeks using the bench press (BP) exercise, while the remaining programme variables (number of sets and repetitions, inter-set rests and loading magnitude) were kept identical.
    • Study II was a complementary study that aimed to analyze whether the acute metabolic (blood lactate and ammonia) and mechanical response (velocity loss) was different between the type of MaxV and HalfV protocols previously used in Study I
    Of the 24 men who volunteered to participate in Study I, only 20 successfully completed the entire study (mean ± s: age 21.9 ± 2.9 years, height 1.77 ± 0.08 m, body mass 70.9 ± 8.0 kg). Therefore, the scientists recruited 10 additional participants (25.3 ± 3.4 years, 1.77 ± 0.08 m, body mass 75.2 ± 8.7 kg) for the follow up study (Study II).
    High speed training works, as long as you maintain maximal velocities: F. Pareja-Blanco and his colleagues from the Pablo de Olavide University and the Instituto Navarro de Deporte y Juventud (INDJ) in Spain report in another recently published paper that doing squats with maximal velocity concentrics lead to significantly greater improvements in maximum strength and that "[m]ovement velocity seemed to be of greater importance than time under tension for inducing strength adaptations" (Pareja-Blanco. 2014). Similar results had been observed by biceps curls (9.7% with fast, no gains with slower concentric contractions | Ingebrigtsen. 2009). In studies with untrained subjects, on the other hand, similar benefits have not been observed (Pereira. 2007) - a difference that may be explained by the inability of someone who has never bench pressed or squatted before to actually push the bar at maximal velocity while, at the same time, keeping proper form. Another factor that may explain the existing differences between pertinent studies may be related to whether the exercise was performed to failure. In that case, the prescribed velocity cannot be maintained for all reps, so that the differences between the high speed and the regular / slow speed groups vanish.
    The participants were physically active sport science students with 2–4 years of recreational RT experience in the bench press exercise - a fact that may be important if you take into consideration what I wrote about the Pereira study in the red box above.
    Figure 1: Schematic timeline of study design (Gonzales-Badillo. 2014)
    "Based upon pre-test 1RM strength performance, participants were allocated to one of the two groups following an ABBA counterbalancing sequence: MaxV (n = 9) or HalfV (n = 11) [the non-random allocation to the two groups ensured that there was no significant strength difference between the two groups at the beginning of the study].

    The only difference in the RT programme between groups was the actual velocity at which loads were lifted: maximal intended concentric velocity for MaxV vs. an intentional half-maximal concentric velocity for HalfV [note the difference between doing each rep at maximal velocity and trying to do so!]."
    Both groups trained three times per week, on non-consecutive days, for a period of 6 weeks using doing nothing but bench presses on each of the workout days. In that, Study I and II were performed 3 weeks apart using a different sample of participant.
    Figure 2: Changes in bench press 1-RM over the course of Study I. The relative changes are 16% increase in the maximal 9% increase in the 50% velocity group (Gonzales-Badillo. 2014)
    As you can see in Figure 2 the scientists are right, when they say that it seems as if "[m]ovement velocity can be considered a fundamental component of RT intensity, since, for a given %1RM, the velocity at which loads are lifted largely determines the resulting training effect" (Gonzalez-Badillo. 2014). A corresponding difference in lactate production during the workouts was yet detected only if the exercise was performed at low intensities and high speed, i.e. 3 × 8 with 0.79 m/s at ?60% of the 1RM and with 3 × 6 with 0.62 m/s a ?70% of the 1RM.
    Figure 3: Root-mean-square amplitude (RMS amp.) before (initial) and after fatigue under varying speed-controlled conditions (slow, medium, and fast) and intensities (40–80% 1RM) for pectoralis major (a), anterior deltoid (b) and triceps medial head (c). Results show mean ± standard deviation for 13 subjects (Sakamoto. 2012).
    Bottom line: It appears unlikely that the small changes in lactate production are whats responsible for the superiority of maximal (intended) velocity contractions as strength builders. Rather than that it would appear logical to assume that the muscle fiber recruitements between fast and slow contractions differ. An assumption that is in line with the results of a 2012 study by Sakamoto et al.

    In said study, the Japanese researchers determined the muscle activations of the pectoralis major at varying lifting speeds and intensities during bench presses and found the maximal velocity to be highly superior during the initial phase of the training. When the fatigue set in and the subjects were no longer able to perform at a maximal velocity, the benefits vanished (see Figure 3) - an observation that is in line with my previous elaborations on the differences between the existing comparisons of the effectiveness of working out at different velocities in the red box. Accordingly, the results of the study at hand may not be applicable for those of you who like to peg out under the bar and/or crawl out of the gym after a workout that was long and intense enough to trigger a near-death experience | Comment on Facebook!
    References:
    • González-Badillo, Juan José, et al. "Maximal intended velocity training induces greater gains in bench press performance than deliberately slower half-velocity training." European journal of sport science ahead-of-print (2014): 1-10.
    • Ingebrigtsen, Jørgen, Andreas Holtermann, and Karin Roeleveld. "Effects of load and contraction velocity during three-week biceps curls training on isometric and isokinetic performance." The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 23.6 (2009): 1670-1676.
    • Pareja-Blanco, F., et al. "Effect of Movement Velocity during Resistance Training on Neuromuscular Performance." International Journal of Sports Medicine EFirst (2014).
    • Pereira, Marta Inez Rodrigues, and Paulo Sergio Chagas Gomes. "Effects of isotonic resistance training at two movement velocities on strength gains." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 13.2 (2007): 91-96.
    • Sakamoto, Akihiro, and Peter James Sinclair. "Muscle activations under varying lifting speeds and intensities during bench press." European journal of applied physiology 112.3 (2012): 1015-1025.


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    Friday, April 8, 2016

    Making Site Compatible with AdSense Policies


    Making Site Compatible with AdSense


    While applying for the AdSense, there are different ways you might get disapproved by Google. One of them is Incompatible Site. You will get a message like this - Site does not comply with Google policies. Its really frustrating when your sites content is okay but Google denies your AdSense request. 


    Today I would like to discuss how to solve the issue - Site does not comply with Google policies. In fact, after having the custom domain, Im also facing the same problem. But I can solve it within few days. 


    There are three major areas on which you have to focus in order to make your site compatible with Google AdSense policies:
    • Design and Content Guidelines
    • Technical Guidelines
    • Quality Guidelines

    Though you will get a detailed discussion in Google Webmaster Guideline Page, Id like to summarize the topic for you. Because only few people have the patience to read a 1200 words + article! And some of the issues are highly technical. I will try to make them as clear as possible. 


    Design and Content Guidelines
    • Your site should have a clear hierarchy and text links. Every page should be accessible from at least one static text link. I suggest you to use Blog Archive and Categories.
    • Provide a sitemap for the users so that they can explore your site as they want. 
    • Make your site useful and informative. Keep your contents accurate and clear. Read my contents writing guidelines . . .
    • Think about the words which users might search for and include those words in your contents post titles. Dont forget to relate your contents to those key words. 
    • Images are not recognized by search engines. Use as much text as possible in your contents. And label your images properly, consider using the Alternative description too. 
    • Try to find out HTML errors (if any) and fix them.


    Technical Guidelines
    • Keep your site faster. Analyze the loading time of your site through various tools available over the web. Slower sites get less pageviews. So, never let it down. 
    • Test your site in major browsers (ie. Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, Safari etc.) and make sure that it appears correctly. 
    • Properly use robots.txt so that search engines can crawl your site smoothly. 
    • Get your domain registered in high quality servers. 


    Quality Guidelines
    • Built your contents primarily for the users, not for the search engines.
    • Never try to deceive/mislead your users. 
    • Never follow the illegal techniques that automatically improve your search ranking position by cheating the search engines. (Black Hat SEO)
    • Differentiate your site from competitors. Keep it unique, informative and valuable for the users. 


    Avoid the Following Techniques 
    • Generating Contents Automatically
    • Participating in Link Exchange
    • Cloaking - Showing different contents to human and search engines
    • Redirecting the Users to an Unwanted Site
    • Hiding Text/Links
    • Copying/ Stealing Contents from other Sites
    • Participating in Affiliate Programs without Sufficient Contents
    • Using Irrelevant Keywords to Improve Search Ranking
    • Spreading Virus, Malware, Spam, Phishing etc.


    Violating any of the above rules may take your site down in the search engine rank position. And your site may not comply with Google AdSense Policies. 


    Stay with Marks PC Solution to get more interesting IT topics!





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    Training For Gains High Intensity Low Volume Strength Gains Stick Low Intensity High Volume Gains Dont But They Come With Significant Improvements in Body Comp

    Its one thing to make strength and mass gains, its a whole different story to make them last - if possible, for the rest of your life! Study suggests: Training intense, may help.
    Thank God for the Internet. Otherwise we would hardly be able to get our hands on papers that are written by Iranian scientists and published in the Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise; and that, my dear (mostly) American friends, would be a real pity!

    "Effect of acute detraining following two types of resistance training on strength performance and body composition in trained athletes" - thats the title of a paper that was published late last year but popped up in the major databases, only recently. In spite of the delay, the results Vahid Tadibi and his colleagues from the Razi University, the  University of Kordestan and the Islamic Azad University present in this 5-pages paper are unquestionably well worth being covered.
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    In view of the limited evidence available for the effect of detraining on strength training with different intensity and volume, Tadibi et al. set out to
    "determine the influences of short term detraining after two kinds of resistance training on strength performance and body composition in trained athletes."  (Tadibi. 2013)
    To this ends, the Iranian researchers recruited 30 healthy men students recruited from
    Razi University of Kermanshah. The subjects were divided into two experimental groups as follows:
    • group (I) who performed resistance training with low intensity and high volume (GRI: n=15), weight 73.7±10.3 kg, height 174.5±7.5 m and age 24.7±1.4 years old and 
    • group (II) who performed low volume and high intensity (GRII: n=25), weight 63.2±6.2, height 175.8±5.5 and age 25.4±1 (years old). 
    The participants attended physical education classes for six weeks/three times a week, with duration of 45-60 min each session. Each training session involved three phases in both groups and lasted 50–60minutes:
    • warm up, specific or related training and cool down. 
    Warm up and cool down phases were similar in both groups included 7 min running with intensity sufficient to raise breath rate, 3 min stretching training.
    Learn more about the effects of circuit training: When you build a circuit training routine, dont forget: There are lots of metabolically demanding kettle- bell exercises to spice things up. There are probably a dozen of reasons why people train. Many of them are really good: Wanting to stay healthy, to live longer, or to excel in your sports. Of others, however, I am not so sure whether they are actually worth pursuing, or do you think" - suggested read: "Circuit vs. Classic Strength Training, Which System is More Metabolically Demanding? What are the Energetic Costs and Where Does the Energy Come From, Fat or Glucose?" | read more.
    The actual intervention, i.e. the specific training part consisted of fast-paced circuit training workouts with 60 to 90 seconds rest between the following exercises:
    • Figure 1: Graphical overview of the two training regimen
      bench press, 
    • squat, 
    • biceps curls, 
    • triceps extensions, 
    • shoulder press
    What? No, I have no idea, if they forgot to list the back exercises, or if the subjects actually didnt do any. What I do know, though is that the
    "[s]ubjects performed 12– 15 maximal repetitions/set (55–60% 1RM) in group I, low intensity and high volume (LIHV protocol), and 5 maximal repetitions/set (85–90% 1RM) in the group II, low volume and high intensity (HILV protocol)" (Tadibi. 2013)
    In order to establish optimal progression the "1RM was retested in the end of every week so that resistance could be adjusted properly" (Tadibi. 2013).

    TRAINING ? DETRAINING ? RESULTS?

    Apropos progress, you will probably remember that the actual intention of the researchers was not to compare the muscle and strength gains during the six-week training program, but their persistence. Accordingly, the all-important question was what would happen, when the subjects resumed their normal active, but not necessarily resistance trained lifestyle after a 2-week lay-off of any type of systematic (training stoppage).
    Figure 1: Relative changes in max strength (left) and body comp (right) from pre- to post-detraining (Tadibi. 2013)
    Well, you can see the results of this type of realistic 6-weeks on 2-weeks of regimen in Figure 1 - a result based on which you should be able to confirm the following conclusions:
    • Contrary to what common wisdom would predict, the low intensity, high volume (LIHV) and the high intensity, low volume (HILV) regimen produce statistically identical strength gains over the course of the six-weeks training phased (not shown in Figure 1)
    • The gains on the high intensity, low volume (HILV) regimen were - albeit not significantly - but visibly more persistent than those that were brought about by the high volume low intensity regimen.
    • The high volume training turned out to have significant fat burning effects of the initially significant relative reduction in body fat % of 18% (from  12.15% to 9.73 in LIHV vs.   11.91% to 10.59% in the HILV group), there were yet only 7% left after 2 weeks of detraining (the BF% went back up from 9.73±3.12% to 11.27±3.37%).
    As the researchers point out, this result may look different, if the study population was older or sick. In less-conditioned individuals (Hakkinen. 1994), which is - in my humble opinion - a very important hint for both, the young and old SuppVersity readers, as it confirms (once again), that the optimal training routine is a very individual thing and cannot be cookie cut based on a single study.
    In the end the study at hand confirms the usefulness of periodization! At first it may seem as if the lasting effects of the high intensity, low volume training would suggest that this is the way to train. We must not forget, though that both "regular hypertrophy" as in protein synthesis and the architectual changes the muscle undergoes are two sided of the same coin. The goal should thus always be to have both come into their own.
    Dont forget, you can learn more about periodization, here at the SuppVersity.
    Lets go beyond the results and get to the underlying mechanisms and practical implications: In the absence of corresponding data, its obviously difficult to tell, whether the following hypothesis is accurate. Based on the research I have done for the Intermittent Thoughts on Building Muscle (read the article series), I would yet speculate that the persistence of the gains in the high intensity, low volume group reflects a difference in structural (muscle + nerves) vs. non-structural adaptations.

    The latter has been observed previously with increased satellite cell recruitement, IFG-1 + MGF activity and corresponding changes in the structural architecture of the muscle (improved firing of motor units, incorporation of new satellite cells...) in response to high or even super-maximal intensity training & eccentrics and would speak in favor of "structural gains" vs. the mere "ballooning up" in response to the protein synthetic response of high volume strength training.

    On the other hand, we all want the muscle to show, right? And if you look at the reduction in BF% after the 2 weeks of detraining its hard to argue in favor of high intensity training, when it comes to fat loss.
    References:
    • Häkkinen, K. "Neuromuscular adaptation during strength training, aging, detraining, and immobilization." Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 6 (1994): 161-161.
    • Tadibi, Vahid, et al. "Effect of acute detraining following two types of resistance training on strength performance and body composition in trained athletes." (2013).


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    Touchscreens Used with Smartphones


    iPhone 5, Samsung S4, Windows Phone 8, Samsung Galaxy Tab


    Basically this is a knowledge based article. It can just enrich your knowledge about display technology. And I think you will enjoy this. Ill try to provide you a brief idea about the screen technology used by the leading cell phone manufacturers. 


    By this time you should know there are different types of display technologies such as LCD, LED, TFT, Retina etc. But how many of you know the details of each type? To be honest, I didnt have much idea about these before reading an article in a newspaper. Then I decided to write about smartphone screens on Marks PC Solution. Ive also gathered information on display technology from different sites. 



    TFT LCD Display (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display)

    This is the most widely used display technology at present. TFT LCD technology ensures the clear view. It is better than old LCD technology to view High Quality pictures and video. 

    This type of display is relatively cheaper. So it can be used in low-priced phones too. 

    But this technology has some limitations too. You cant operate your phone in sunlight. Your display will be almost unseen when youre in daylight. And this type of display consumes too much battery. You should keep the display off as much time as possible. 



    IPS LCD Display (In-Plane Switching LCD)

    IPS LCD is better than TFT LCD Display Technology. No matter how you wanna see it. You can get a clear view from any angle. It doesnt consume much power. Thats why it saves your battery power. 

    Manufacturing cost is little bit higher and used with medium-priced cell phones. 



    Resistive Touchscreen Display (Dont Call it RTS!)

    Ive searched Google by RTS. Actually it has no short form. You should call it Resistive Touchscreen Display. 

    In this technology, there are two layers in the screen. And there is a minor gap between the two layers. Whenever the first layer get your touch, the blank space between two layers blends and pressure the second layer. Immediately the processor gets signal. Thus Resistive Display Technology works. 

    You can operate the phone using fingers or stylus. But using a stylus will be more comfortable. 



    Capacitive Touchscreen Display

    If you wanna operate your phone with fingers then capacitive display is more comfortable than resistive display. As made for operating with fingers, you cant use stylus or something else to work with capacitive display. 

    This display ensures fast response time. Manufacturing cost is also high. This display is used with high-priced smartphones. 



    OLED Display (Organic Light Emitting Diode) 

    Most of you maybe familiar with only LED - Light Emitting Diode. More than a year ago, I wrote a post about the difference between LCD and LED. OLED is the improved version of LED technology. 

    OLED is a high quality display technology for cell phones and monitors. It gives you a bright look. This type of display is very light and viewing angle is excellent. It supports 16 million colors and reponse time is very short. 

    OLED display consumes less power and thus it saves your battery. 



    AMOLED Display (Active Matrix LED)

    Active Matrix OLED is a display technology that is used with mobile devices and televisions. It is actually an improved version of OLED. 

    One of the great features of this display is the viewing capacity in sunlight. Users can see the screen in daylight without any problem. AMOLED ensures vivid picture with super sensitive screen. 

    As the manufacturing cost is relatively higher, this type of display is used with high end mobile devices. 



    Super AMOLED Display

    Next to the AMOLED is Super AMOLED. It is nothing but the improved version of AMOLED developed by Samsung. This technology is used with the galaxy series devices. 

    Super AMOLED includes the following features:

    • Light and thin
    • Vivid Display
    • Faster Reponsive Capacity
    • Less Power Consuming

    Retina Display 

    The most modern version of smartphone screen is the Retina Display, which is a combination of IPS LCD and Backlit LED technology. As developed by Apple, this type of display is only used with iPhone. 

    It is a so high resolution display that you cant see the pixels with blank eyes. Thats why it is named as Retina Display. 

    Retina Display is very sharp, vivid and clear. 



    Heptic Touchscreen Dispay

    Nokia and BlackBerry are using this type of display technology. This display is capable of identifying the touch accurately. Thus it enables users to work with touchscreen comfortably. 

    This display is reliable, comfortable and great for typing. And its very popular among the users. 



    Gorilla Glass Display

    Maybe you can guess something about this display. Yes youre right. This display is made for rough and tough use. 

    Gorilla Glass is very hard and durable display. It keeps your display out of scratch. Even it can protect the screen from hammer. Many cell phone manufacturers are now using Gorilla Glass in their devices. 


    Here Ive just discussed about 10 types of displays. And these have many variations. If youd like to know more then search Wikipedia.


    Stay with Marks PC Solution to get more interesting IT topics!




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    Bigger Triceps in 8 Weeks of Reduced Oxygen Training Bigger as in Bigger Than With Regular 10 RM Training

    Please, do me a favor and read the info in the red box. Hypoxia ? Kaatsu
    Assuming that youve read the headline of this article first, you should already have realized what makes this study special: A realistic training regimen thats relevant for to the "average gym context". "10 reps to failure" - and that is actually pretty close to what the average trainee does on one of his / her "arm days" at the gym.

    Against that background I can live with the minor downside that the subjects were 13 healthy men (mean age, 23 years; height 169 cm; body mass 60 kg) who were assigned to train either under normoxic or hypoxic training conditions were a little "too average" (=untrained) for my liking.
    You can learn more about Hypoxia at the SuppVersity

    EPO Effect of Low Oxygen

    -11% Fat in Three Weeks!

    Training & Living in Hyopoxia

    Strength Up, Size Down W/ Kaatsu

    Hypoxia vs. Occlusion

    Blood Flow Restriction Update
    As the well-read SuppVersity student youve become ever since youve been reading these articles, you will obviously know that using noobs as your subjects is something exercise scientists like to do, because they know that this helps them to avoid null-results, as they tend to occur in in studies with trained subjects, simply the study duration was too short and / or the training intensity too pathetic to measure significant changes in any of the outcome variables.
    Just to make sure you dont over-read this: Hypoxia in this case means "low oxygen supply" - This is in contrast to blood flow restriction training of which I suspect that some of you may have (until now) thought was applied in this study.
    As the data in Figure 1 goes to show you, neither (a) nor (b) nor both was the case in the study at hand. The Elbow extensions the subjects performed at a workload of a 10 RM with the non dominant arm to exhaustion three times with 1-minute intervals 3 days each week for 8 weeks, did after all elicit significant strength and size gains in both groups - regardless of whether they were performed while the subjects were inspiring normoxic air (FiO2=20. 9%; at sea level) or hypoxic gas (FiO2=12 .7%; corresponding to 4000 m above sea level):
    Figure 1: Thickness of triceps brachii (a and b) in both arms before and after training in the normoxic (N) and hypoxic (H) groups; ** denotes significant difference (Kurobe. 2014)
    The overall changes in size and strength are yet luckily not the only significant effect, the researchers from the National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Japan observed in their study.

    The inter-group differences, i.e. the significantly greater increase in muscle thickness the hypoxia group, was significant, as well. And while the latter cannot be said of the increase in strength, I am pretty sure that the additional size gains alone would be reason enough for some of you to take a bottle with reduced oxygen air (Fi=2=12.7%; meaning only 12.7% of the air in the container would be oxygen to the gym).
    As I already pointed out in the red box, this post is not about blood flow restriction (aka Kaatsu) its not about wearing a simple mask that hinders your breathing (see right), but its about wearing a mask with exogenous air supply - low oxygen air, obviously.
    Would bringing the low oxygen flask + a mask actually be worth it? This is obviously a valid question. Its yet also one I cannot answer once and for all. I personally would not consider the statistically grater gain of significant enough to go and buy the corresponding equipment.

    In view of the non-existent effects on strength, its also not exactly an option for regular performance oriented athletes.

    For a bodybuilder, on the other hand, it may in fact be worth trying. After years of training, its yet not realistic to see similar pronounced gains as a rookie, though - so dont be disappointed if the cycle you did last summer had more pronounced effects boys ;-)
    References:
    • Kurobe et al. "Effects of resistance training under hypoxic conditions on muscle hypertrophy and strength." Clin Physiol Funct Imaging(2014) doi: 10.1111/cpf.12147


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